@@@B1 Deficiency B1, B12´Â ½Å°æºñŸ¹ÎÀ¸·Î¼ B1Àº ¿¡³ÊÁö»ý»ê¿¡, B12´Â ´Ü¹éÁú»ý¼º¿¡ Áß¿ä. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---B1Àº À½½Ä°ø±ÞÀÇ °È¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ±× °áÇÌÀÌ »ó´çÈ÷ ¸¹Àº ÆíÀ̳ª Áø´ÜÀÌ Àß ¾ÈµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. B1ÀÌ °áÇ̵Ǹé ź¼öȹ° ¼ÒÈÀå¾Ö°¡ ¿À°í, µû¶ó¼ ÀúÇ÷´ç, ÀúÇ÷¾Ð, ¸¸¼ºÀûÀÎ ÀúÀ§»êÁõ, ź¼öȹ°°ú¹Î¼º, ¿ù°æÀüÁõÈıº, º¯´ö½º·¯¿î ±âÁú, ºÒ¾È, ¾ËÄÝ°úÀ½, ¾àÁ¦³²¿ë, Á¤Á¦À½½Ä ¼±È£ µîÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³´Ù. B1ºÎÁ·À¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ¶ÇÇÑ Ç÷¾×³»¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëµÇÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ÇÇ·çºê»êÀÌ °ú´Ù »óÅ°¡ µÇ°í Ç×»ó ¸Ó¸®°¡ ¸¼Áö ¸øÇÏ°í ¸ÛÇÑ »óÅÂ, ¼ûÀÌ Â÷¿À¸£ °í, ½ÉÀå ¼Õ»óÀÌ À¯¹ßµÈ´Ù. --Beriberi(°¢±âº´)Àº B1°áÇÌÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ°ÍÀÌ´Ù. °¡Àå ÇöÀúÇÑ ½Å°æ¼Õ»óÀº ¸»ÃʽŰæ, ƯÈ÷ ´Ù¸®¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³ª°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥, ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¿ø½ÉºÎÀ§°¡ Á¦ÀÏ ¸ÕÀú, ±×¸®°í ½ÉÇÏ°Ô ³ªÅ¸³´Ù.
---B1°áÇÌ ÃʱâÁõ»óÀº: ½±°Ô ÇÇ·Î, ½Ä¿åÀúÇÏ, ¿¹¹Î/ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÇÑ °¨Á¤ »óÅÂ. ÀÌ »óÅ°¡ ´õ Áö¼ÓµÇ¸é : È¥µ¿, ±â¾ïÀúÇÏ ---°áÇÌ Ãʱâ : ÇÇ·Î, Á¤¼Àû°ú¹Î¹ÝÀÀ, ±â¾ïÀúÇÏ, ¼ö¸éÀå¾Ö, ÈäÅë, ½Ä¿åºÎÁø, º¹Åë/º¯ºñ, ¸»ÃʽŰæÀå¾Ö - ¾çÃø¼º, ´ëĪÀ¸·Î ´Ù¸®¿¡ ºó¹ß, Á¦1Á·Áö °¨°¢ÀÌ»ó, ¾ß°£Áß ¹ß¹Ù´Ú ¿°¨, ´Ù¸®±ÙÀ° °æ·Ã/ÅëÁõ, Á¦1Á·Áö Áøµ¿°¨°¢ ¼Ò½Ç, ¾É¾Ò´Ù°¡ ÀϾ±â Èûµé°Ô µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ Ãʱâ ¡ÈĵéÀÌ´Ù. ---ÈıâÁõ»óµé : ankle jerk ¼Ò½Ç,--> knee jerk ¼Ò½Ç--> Á¦1Á·Áö vibratory and position sensation ¼Ò½Ç, ´Ù¸®/´ëÅð ±ÙÀ° À§Ãà--> foot drop and toe drop. ÆÈÀº »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¶Áö¸·±îÁö Àß º¸Á¸µÇ´Â °æÇâ. ´õºÒ¾î ¾ËÄݳ²¿ëÀÚ¿¡°Ô¼´Â Á¤½ÅÂø¶õ »óÅ·μ Cerebral beriberi or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome °¡ ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
#±â´ÉÀû Áø´Ü¸é¿¡¼, ¸ÕÀú Ãʱâ Áõ»ó¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. ƯÈ÷ ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ Áõ»ó±º¿¡ À¯³äÇϵµ·Ï : --ÆÈ´Ù¸® ±ÙÀ°ÀÇ °µµ ¼Ò½Ç ¶Ç´Â ¹«°Å¿î ´À³¦, --¿îµ¿¾ÈÇÒ ¶§ ¸Æ¹Ú<65 , --»óÇÏÁöÀÇ Numbness, tingling, or itching --¾ß°£Ãëħ½Ã ½ÉÀå°íµ¿¼Ò¸®¸¦ µéÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. --²Þ ³»¿ëÀ» ±â¾ï ¸øÇÏ°í ±ü´Ù. --ÇǺΰ¡ ¾àÇؼ ¸éµµ½Ã Àߺ£ÀδÙ. --±¸°¢¿° --À§»êºÐºñÀúÇÏ Â¡ÈÄ : Vitamin B1Àº À§»êºÐºñ¿¡ Çʼö. neurolingual testing + Ƽ¾Æ¹Î( thiamin mononitrate or thiamin cocarboxylase »ç¿ë °¡´É) °æ±¸ Åõ¿©ÀüÈÄÀÇ À§ºÎ ¾ÐÅë È£ÀüÀ¯¹«¸¦ º¸´Â Chapman Reflex for the stomach. --B1ÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ metabolic functions (blood sugar control, HCL production, brain chemistry stabilization etc.) -- MV º¹¿ë¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í B1 °áÇÌÁõÀÌ Àß ³ªÅ¸³´Ù..
#Thiamine deficiency Áø´ÜÀ» À§ÇÑ Ç÷û°Ë»ç : RBC transketolase°¡ °¡Àå ÁÁÀ¸³ª °ªÀÌ ºñ½Î´Ù. Áõ»óÀÌ ÀÖ°í Ç÷û°Ë»ç»ó ÀÌ»óÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¶§ È®Áø½Ã¿¡¸¸ »ç¿ëÇ϶ó. check for the following first: --Dec. CO2 <25 , --Inc. anion gap >12 --Low normal or decreased HCT (<37 or 0.37 in women and <40 or 0.4 in men) --Low normal or decreased HGB (<13.5 or 135 in women and <14 or 140 in men) --Due to thiamine's role in glycolysis, LDH levels may be decreased and glucose levels may be normal to increased (>100 or 5.55 mmol/L) ###Ǫ¸£¼³Å¸¹Î(Fursultamin)ÀÇ È¿¿ë¼º --¸¸¼ºÇÇ·Î, ü·ÂÁõÁø ¹× ½Å°æ±â´É °È, °¨±âÀÇ ¿¹¹æ ¹× Ä¡·á, ¾ËÃ÷ÇÏÀ̸Ӻ´ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ Ǫ¸£¼³Æ¼¾Æ¹ÎÀÌ ÀÎÁö´É·ÂÀ» °³¼±½ÃÅ´. :ÇǷθ¦ ½ÉÇÏ°Ô È£¼ÒÇϰųª ü·ÂÀÌ ±Þ°ÝÈ÷ ÀúÇÏµÈ È¯Àڵ鿡 ÀÖ¾î¼ Çª¸£¼³Å¸¹Î°ú ŹÝ(Laennec), ¸Þ°¡ºñŸ¹Î µîÀ» º´¿ë. ---³ëÀε鿡°Ô Àß ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¾ß°£ ÇÏÁö°æ·Ã(nocturnal leg cramps)¿¡µµ Ǫ¸£¼³Æ¼¾Æ¹ÎÀº È¿°úÀû. ¹°·Ð À̶§¿¡µµ ºñŸ¹ÎB1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 12¸¦ ÇÔ²² º´ÇÕÇؼ ÁÖ»çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÈξÀ È¿°úÀû. ---¿µ¾ç¼º ´Ù¹ß½Å°æº´Áõ(nutritional polyneuropathy)ÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ Ǫ¸£¼³Æ¼¾Æ¹ÎÀ» Åõ¿©ÇÏÀÚ 70-80%ÀÇ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼ Áõ»óÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÁ³´Ù´Â ¿¬±¸ °á°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Ƽ¾Æ¹Î °áÇÌÁõÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ±ÙÀ°º´Áõ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ Ǫ¸£¼³Æ¼¾Æ¹ÎÀ» Åõ¿©ÇßÀ» ¶§ Áõ»óÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÁ³´Ù°í Çß°í, ±Ù°ñ°Ý°è ¹× ½Å°æÁõ»ó ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ ¸»ÃÊ½Å°æ ¸¶ºñ°¡ Àְųª ¶Ç´Â °ñ º¯È°¡ Àְųª ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ Ǫ¸£¼³Æ¼¾Æ¹ÎÀ» Åõ¿©ÇßÀ» ¶§ 70-80%ÀÇ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼ ÅëÁõÀÌ ¿ÏÈµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. --<±âÀü> ÇÇ·çºê»êÀÌ ¹ÌÅäÄܵ帮¾Æ·Î µé¾î¿Í¼ Acetyl-CoA·Î ÀüȯÇÏ°í TCAȸ·Î°¡ È°¼ºÈµÇ¸é¼ ATP°¡ »ý¼º °úÁ¤ Áß¿¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ »ý°Ü ÇÇ·çºê»êÀÌ Acetyl-CoA·Î ÀüȯÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é ±ÙÀ°¿¡ Á¥»êÀÌ ½×ÀÌ°Ô µÇ°í, ¶ÇÇÑ ºñŸ¹Î Á¶È¿¼ÒµéÀÌ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é °¢Á¾ Áß°£¹°ÁúµéÀÌ ½×ÀÌ°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥, ±×¿¡ µû¶ó ÇǷεµ°¡ Áõ°¡. 24°¡Áö È¿¼ÒÀÇ Á¶È¿¼Ò·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ°í Àִµ¥, transketolase³ª pyruvate dehydrogenase, ¥á-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase°°Àº È¿¼ÒÀÇ Á¶È¿¼Ò·Î ÀÛ¿ë ---ÇÇ·çºê»êÀÌ Acetyl-CoA·Î ÀüȯÇÒ ¶§ °ü¿©ÇÏ´Â È¿¼Ò°¡ ¼¼ °¡Áö , pyruvate dehydrogenase¿Í dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase --- ÀÌ ¼¼ È¿¼ÒÀÇ º¹ÇÕü°¡ PDC(pyruvate dehydrogenase complex)Àε¥, PDCÀÇ Á¶È¿¼Ò·Î¼´Â TPP(thiamine pyrophosphate), NAD+, FAD, lipoic acid°¡ ÀÖ°í ±×Áß °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀÌ Æ¼¾Æ¹ÎÀ¸·Î¼, Ƽ¾Æ¹ÎÀÌ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é ÇÇ·çºê»êÀÌ Á¥»êÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²î¾î ±ÙÀ° ³»¿¡ ÇÇ·Î ¹°ÁúÀÌ ½×ÀÌ°Ô µÇ°í, ATP »ý¼ºÀÌ ÀúÇÏµÇ¸ç ¼¼Æ÷¼Õ»ó ¹× ¼¼Æ÷»ç¸ê(apoptosis)ÀÌ ÀϾ°Ô µÈ´Ù. --- PDC(pyruvate dehydrogenase complex)¿¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì À¯±â»ê°Ë»çÁß, ź¼öȹ° ´ë»ç °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ÇÇ·çºê»ê ¹× Á¥»êÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ ¸¹ÀÌ Áõ°¡µÅ ÀÖ°í, ¿¡³ÊÁö »ý¼º °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ¥á-ketoglutarateÀÌ Å©°Ô Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â ¼Ò°ßÀ» º¸ÀÓ. ÀÌ ¶§´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã °í¿ë·®ÀÇ ºñŸ¹ÎB1À» ó¹æÇØ¾ß Çϴµ¥, ¼ö¿ë¼ºÀÎ ±âÁ¸ ¿°»êƼ¾Æ¹ÎÀÇ °æ¿ì °í¿ë·®À» Á¤¸Æ³»·Î Åõ¿©ÇßÀ» ¶§ ¾Æ³ªÆȶô½Ã½º¿Í °°Àº ¼îÅ©°¡ ¹ß»ý °¡´É. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Æ¼¾Æ¹ÎÀÇ ´ÜÁ¡À» º¸¿ÏÇÑ Çª¸£¼³Æ¼¾Æ¹ÎÀº Ƽ¾Æ¹ÎÀÇ ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¾ÈÁ¤È½ÃÄÑ ¾Æ³ªÆȶô½Ã½º¿Í °°Àº ¼îÅ©¸¦ ÃÖ¼ÒÈÇÑ ¾à¹°·Î¼ Ǫ¸£¼³Å¸¹ÎÀ» »ç¿ë. -- ±Þ¤ý¸¸¼º ÇÇ·Îȸº¹, Àü½Å±ÇÅ°¨, ½ºÆ®·¹½º, ±ÙÀ°ÇÇ·Î, ³Ã¼º °¨±â ¿¹¹æ, ¿©µå¸§, ¾î±ú°á¸², ºñ¸¸ ¿¹¹æ, ¾ËÄÚ¿ÃÁßµ¶ ¹× ÀæÀº À½ÁÖÀÚ¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â Ƽ¾Æ¹Î °áÇÌÁõ¿¡ Àû¿ë. ¿¡³ÊÁö ´ë»ç¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇؼ ÁßÃß/¸»ÃʽŰæ±â´ÉÀå¾Ö¸¦ °³¼±½ÃÄÑÁÖ°í ½É±Ù´ë»çÀå¾Ö¸¦ °³¼±ÇØÁÖ´Â È¿°ú. ¸¶À̾ÁÖ»ç¿Í ÇÔ²² »ç¿ë½Ã ½Ã³ÊÁö È¿°ú. --Ǫ¸£¼³Æ¼¾Æ¹ÎÀº ü³» cysteineÀ̳ª glutathione¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ½±°Ô ¿ø·¡ÀÇ ºñŸ¹ÎB1(thiamine)·Î ȯ¿øµÇ¸é¼ ¿ø·¡ °®°í ÀÖ´ø furfuryl chainÀ» ¼¼Æ÷¸·¿¡ ¶³¾î¶ß¸®°í ¼¼Æ÷ ¾ÈÀ¸·Î µé¾î°¡ ±× ¾È¿¡¼ ÀλêÈ(phosphorylation)µÇ¾î thiamine diphosphate³ª thiamine triphosphate·Î ¹Ù²ñÀ¸·Î½á ¼¼Æ÷³»¿¡¼ Á¶È¿¼Ò·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇϴµ¥, Źݿ¡ cysteineÀ̳ª glutathioneÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ÇÔÀ¯µÅ Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Ǫ¸£¼³Æ¼¾Æ¹Î°ú ŹÝÁֻ縦 °°ÀÌ ¾²¸é »ó½ÂÈ¿°ú¸¦ ¿¹»ó °¡´É . ¶ÇÇÑ Å¹ݿ¡´Â ¿µ¾ç¼ººÐ»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´Ù¾çÇÑ activator·Î¼ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ¼ºÀåÀÎÀÚ¿Í »çÀÌÅäÄ«ÀεéÀÌ ÇÔÀ¯µÅ ÀÖ´Ù.
@@@BENFOTIAMINE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --"allithiamines."°¡Á·¿¡ ¼ÓÇϴ Ƽ¾Æ¹ÎÀÇ ÇÕ¼ºÀ¯µµÃ¼, fat-soluble, -->°í¿ë·®µµ ÀåÈí¼ö ¿ëÀÌ, more bioavailable, physiologically active than thiamin. * Characteristic of the allithiamines : open thiazole ring ÀÌ fat (lipid) solubleÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Â ±âÀüÀ» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù.( thiamineÀº closed thiazole ringÀÌ¾î¼ ¼ö¿ë¼ºÀÌ´Ù.). ½±°Ô ÀåÁ¡¸·À» Åë°úÇÏ¿© »ý¸®ÀûÈ°¼ºÇüÀΠƼ¾Æ¹ÎÀ¸·Î ÀüȯµÇ°í ÀÏÂ÷ thiamin co-enzymeÀÎ thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)¸¦ Áõ»ê½ÃŲ´Ù.
@@@ÀåÁ¡µé BenfotiamineÀº Ƽ¾Æ¹ÎÀÇ »ý¹°ÇÐÀûÈ°¼ºÀ» ³ô¿©ÁÖ´Â Á¶È¿¼ÒÀÎ thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) »ý»êÀ» ³ô¿©ÁØ´Ù. #thiamine and its Co-enzyme, TPP Thiamine (vitamin B1)Àº co-enzyme TPP (thiamine pyrophosphate) È°µ¿À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ´ç´ë»ç¿¡ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. TPP´Â Ƽ¾Æ¹Î¿¡ ATPÀÇ È¿¼ÒºÐÇØ °á°ú·Î ¾òÀº 2°³ÀÇ Àλê±×·ìÀÌ ºÙÀº °ÍÀ¸·Î¼ Àϸí "thiamine diphosphate." ¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ¼¼Æ÷Áú ³»¿¡¼ 6ź´çÀÎ Æ÷µµ´çÀÌ ÇÇ·çºê»êÀ¸·Î ´ë»çµÇ°í ÀÌ´Â 2ºÐÀÚÀÇ acetyl-CoA·Î ÀüȯµÇ´Âµ¥, ÀÌ´Â Àϸí "active acetate." ¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. Acetyl CoA °¡ ¹ÌÅäÄܵ帮¾Æ³»·Î À¯ÀÔµÇ¸é ¼¼Æ÷´ë»ç¿¡³ÊÁöÀÇ 1Â÷ ¼Ò½ºÀÎ TCA»çÀÌŬÀÇ starting substrate·Î¼ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ ¶§ TPP´Â ´Ù¸¥ Á¶È¿¼Òµé°ú ÇÔ²² ÇÇ·çºê»êÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ CO2¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÏ´Â <"oxidative decarboxylation," >¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ´ã´çÇϴµ¥ ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ÇÇ·çºê»ê¿¡¼ AcetylCoA·Î ÀüȯÇϴµ¥ ÀÖ¾î¼ Key stepÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·±±î´ß¿¡ TPP´Â ¿¹Àü¿£ "cocarboxylase." ¶ó ºÒ¸®±âµµ Çß´Ù. µû¶ó¼, ¼¼Æ÷¿¡³ÊÁö°ø±Þ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ TPP´Â ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù . BenfotiamineÀº Super-thiaminÀ¸·Î¼ ¿©·¯´Ü°èÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷±âÀü¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Ç÷´çÁ¸Àç½Ã ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ °Ç°Çϵµ·Ï µ½´Â´Ù.
@@@Benfotiamine°ú ´ç´ë»ç BenfotiamineÀº ´ç´ë»ç¹°Áú¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¿¬¼ÒµÇ´Â ¼¼Æ÷°úÁ¤À» Á¤»óÈÇÑ´Ù. Ç÷´çÀÌ Á¤»óÀ¸·Î À¯ÁöµÇ´Â ÇÑ, ´ç´ë»çÀÇ Áß°£´ë»ç»ê¹°µéÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷³» °ú´ÙÃàÀûÀº ÀϾÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ´ë°³ À½½ÄÀ¸·Î ¼·ÃëµÈ ´çºÐÀÇ 90%°¡ ÇÇ·çºê»ê-->AcetylCoA¸¦ °ÅÃļ TCA»çÀÌŬ¿¡¼ ¿¡³ÊÁö·Î ÀüȯµÇ¾î ¾²ÀδÙ. ±×·¯³ª Ç÷´çÀÌ »ó½ÂµÈ »óÅ°¡ Áö¼Ó½Ã¿£<´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ¿¹=´ç´¢º´>, ETC¿¡¼ Superoxide¸¦ °úÀ×»ý»êÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ÀÌ Superoxide´Â Æ÷µµ´ç¿¡¼ ÇÇ·çºê»êÀ¸·Î ÀüȯµÇ´Âµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Key enzymeÀÎ glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH)¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦½ÃÅ°°í ±× Áß°£´ë»ç»ê¹°ÀÎ "triosephosphates." ¸¦ Áõ»ê½ÃÅ°´Âµ¥, ÀÌ ¹°ÁúÀº ¿©·¯´Ü°è¸¦ °ÅÃÄ Ç÷°üÁ¶Á÷¿¡ ¼Õ»óÀ» À¯¹ßÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥, ÁÖ·Î ¸Á¸·, ½Å°æ, ½ÅÀåÀÌ ±× Ç¥ÀûÀÌ µÈ´Ù. . BenfotiamineÀº key thiamin-dependent enzymeÀÎ transketolase¸¦ È°¼ºÈÇÏ°í, ¶ÇÇÑ µ¿½Ã¿¡ À§ ¼¼Æ÷¼Õ»ó±âÀü¿¡¼ 3±ºµ¥¸¦ Â÷´ÜÇÑ´Ù. === hexosamine pathway, diaglycerol-protein kinease C pathway, the formation of Advanced Glycation End-poducts. ÇÑÆí, BenfotiamineÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Á¤»óÀûÀÎ ´ç´ë»ç¿¡ ÇʼöÀûÀÎ transketolase¸¦ È°¼º½ÃÅ°´Âµ¥, ÀÌ´Â TPPÀÇ Á¶È¿¼ÒÀ̸ç, µ¿½Ã¿¡ Transketolase´Â GAPDH ¾ïÁ¦¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ý±ä °ú´ÙÇÑ fructose-6-phosphate¿Í glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate¸¦ pentose-5-phosphates¿Í erythrose-4-phosphate·Î Àüȯ½ÃÅ´À¸·Î½á ¼¼Æ÷¼Õ»ó±âÀüÀ» ¾ø¾Ø´Ù.
@@@Benfotiamine°ú Protein/lipid glycation(´Ü¹éÁú/ÁöÁúÀÇ ´çÈ) ¾ïÁ¦ Á¶Àý BenfotiamineÀº Advanced Glycation/lipoxidation End-products (AGEs, ALE's)Çü¼ºÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ Á¶ÀýÇÑ´Ù. ´ç°ú ´Ü¹éÁú »çÀÌÀÇ ±³Â÷°áÇÕÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁø AGEs´Â ÁÖ¿ä ±¸Á¶´Ü¹éÁúÀÎ Äݶó°Õ ģȼºÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ±³Â÷°áÇÕÀº ÀúÀåµÈÀ½½Ä¿¡¼ ÈçÈ÷ º¼ ¼ö ÀÕ´Â <°¥º¯¹ÝÀÀ>°ú À¯»çÇÑ non-enzymatic glycosylation reaction À» ÅëÇØ ÀϾÙ. °íÇ÷´ç »óÅ¿¡¼ ´çºÐÀº Lysine¿¡ ´Þ¶óºÙ¾î¼ Schiff base¸¦ ¸¸µé°í ÀÌ¾î¼ "early glycosylation products(EGP)."°¡ µÈ´Ù. Ç÷´çÀÌ Á¤»óȵǸé EGP¾çÀÌ ÁÙ¾îµé°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥, ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Á¶Á÷´Ü¹éÁú¿¡´Â Ưº°È÷ ÇØ·ÓÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ±×·¸Áö¸¸ Äݶó°Õó·³ ¿À·¡ÁöÅÊÀÌ µÇ´Â ´Ü¹éÁú¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â EGP´Â ÈÇÐÀûÀç¹è¿À» ÀÏÀ¸ÄѼ Á¶Á÷¼Õ»óÀ» ¾ß±â½ÃÅ°´Â Advanced Glycation End-productsÀ» Çü¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ÇÑÆí ÁöÁú¿¡ ´ëÇؼµµ EGP´Â Advanced lipoxidation End products¸¦ »ý¼ºÇϰԵȴÙ. AGE´Â °üµ¿¸Æ¿¡¼ Ç÷°üÅõ°úµµ¸¦ Áõ°¡½ÃÄѼ Ç÷Àå¾×»ïÃâÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°°í ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇØ Ç÷°üº®¿¡ Ç÷Àå´Ü¹é°ú ´Ù¸¥´Ü¹éÁú°£¿¡ ºñÁ¤»óÀûÀÎ ±³Â÷°áÇÕÀÌ ÀϾ°Ô µÇ¾î ź¼º ÀúÇÏ ¹× Ç÷Àü»ý¼º°¡´É¼ºÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁö¼Ò È°¼º»ê¼Ò »ý¼ºÀÌ ¸¹¾ÆÁö°ÔµÈ´Ù. BenfotiamineÀº thiamin¿¡ ºñÇØ Æ÷µµ´ç´ë»ç°úÁ¤<=Glucooxidation>ÀÇ Áß°£´ë»ç»ê¹°À» ÇöÀúÇÏ°Ô ÁÙ¿©ÁÜÀ¸·Î Çؼ AGE»ý»ê°úÁ¤À» Â÷´ÜÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ È¿°ú´Â ¿ë·®¿¡ ºñ·ÊÇÑ´Ù. BenfotiamineÀº À§¿Í °°Àº ±âÀüµé·Î ÀÎÇØ, thiamin¿¡ ºñÇØ ½Å°æ±â´ÉÀÇ Á¤»óÈ È¿°ú°¡ ºñ±³ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» ¸¸Å Ź¿ùÇÏ´Ù. @@@¾ÈÀü¼º --¼ºÀο뷮: Take two 150mg capsules daily. Àå±â°£ ¼øÀÀµµ°¡ ¸Å¿ì ÁÁ°í, 0.1%ÀÇ ¾Ë·¯Áö¹ÝÀÀ<ÁÖ»ç·Î ÁÖ¾úÀ» ¶§ Àß ³ªÅ¸³ª¸ç ½ÉÇÏ¸é ¼îÅ©»ç °¡´É>À» ÀÏÀ¸Å³ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Thiamin¿¡ ºñÇØ, ¾Æ³ªÇʶô½Ã½º µî ƯÀ̹ÝÀÀÀ̳ª ¿ë·®°ú °ü°èµÈ ºÎÀÛ¿ëµµ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Ù. @@@Scientific References 1. Bitsch R, Wolf M, Möller J. Bioavailability assessment of the lipophilic benfotiamine as compared to a water-soluble thiamin derivative. Ann Nutr Metab 1991;35(2):292-6. 2. Schreeb KH, Freudenthaler S, Vormfelde SV, et al. Comparative bioavailability of two vitamin B1 preparations: benfotiamine and thiamine mononitrate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1997; 52(4):319-20. 3. Loew D. Pharmacokinetics of thiamine derivatives especially of benfotiamine. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1996;34(2):47-50. 4. Frank T, Bitsch R, Maiwald J, Stein G. High thiamine diphosphate concentrations in erythrocytes can be achieved in dialysis patients by oral administration of benfontiamine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2000;56(3):251-7. 5. Pike RL, Brown ML. Nutrition, An Integrated Approach, 3rd Ed. New York:MacMillan; 1986:467. 6. Hammes H-P, Du X, Edlestein D, et al. Benfotiamine blocks three major pathways of hyperglycemic damage and prevents experimental diabetic neuropathy. Nat Med 2003;9(3):294-99. 7. Monnier VM, Kohn RR, Cerami A. Accelerated age-related browning of human collagen in diabetes mellitus. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1984;81(2):583-7. 8. Brownlee M. The pathological implications of protein glycation. Clin Invest Med 1995;18(4):275-81. 9. Pomero F, Molinar Min A, La Selva M, et al. Benfotiamine is similar to thiamine in correcting endothelial cell defects induced by high glucose. Acta Diabetol 2001;38(3):135-8. 10. Stracke H, Hammes HP, Werkman D, et al. Efficacy of benfotiamine versus thiamine on function and glycation products of peripheral nerves in diabetic rats. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2001;109(6):300-6. 11. Babaei-Jadidi R, Karachalias N, Ahmed N, et al. Prevention of incipient diabetic nephropathy by high-dose thiamine and benfotiamine. Diabetes 2003;52(8):2110-20. 12. Bergfeld R, MatsumaraT, Du X, Brownlee M. Benfotiamin prevents the consequences of hyperglycemia induced mitochondrial overproduction of reactive oxygen specifies and experimental diabetic neuropathy (Abstract) Diabetologia 2001; 44(Suppl1):A39.
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