###Background of PseudoCushing syndrome http://www.goodhormonehealth.com/symptoms/pseudocush.pdf cortisol excess : http://www.virginiahopkinstestkits.com/cortisolzava.html In 1976, Smalls°ú µ¿·áµé : Cushing syndromeÀÇ »ýÈÇÐÀû, ½ÅüÀû Ư¼ºÀ» °¡Áø 3¸íÀÇ ¾ËÄÝÀÇÁ¸¼º ȯÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±â¼ú, ±×ÈÄ ¿ì¿ïÁõ 2,3,4,5,6 Áõ·Ê¸¦ ¸®ºäÇÔ. ###Recent studies A study by Dockray et al : 8-13¼¼ »çÀÌÀÇ ³²³à¾Æµ¿¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸, ¿©¾Æ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ¾Æµ¿±â ºñ¸¸°ú °ü·ÃµÈ ÄÚƼ¼Ö ¹ÝÀÀ»ó½ÂÀÌ ¿ì¿ïÁõ°ú °ü·ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ½À» ¹àÈû. ###Pathophysiology ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¹àÇôÁø °ÍÀº ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸ ´ëü·Î hypothalamic or suprahypothalamic level¿¡¼ ½ÃÀÛµÈ CRHÀÇ ÁßÃßÀÚ±Ø »ó½ÂÀ¸·Î º½. ###Frequency ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ °æ¿ì, ¾ËÄÝÁßµ¶¼¾Å¸¿¡¼ 56¸íÀÇ ³²¼º ´ë»ó ¿¬±¸ --18% : nonsuppressible serum cortisol levelsÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»¾úÁö¸¸, À̵é Áß ´ëºÎºÐÀº Cushing syndromeÀÇ ½ÅüÀû Ư¡Àº °á¿©µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç, »ýÈÇÐÀû Ư¡Àº ¼öÀÏ ³»¿¡ ¼Ò½ÇµÇ¾úÀ½, ###Mortality/Morbidity »ç¸Á·Ê´Â ÇÑ °Çµµ ¾ø¾úÀ½ »ýÈÇÐÀûÀÌ»óÀÌ Áö¼ÓµÇ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡¼´Â hypertension, glucose intolerance, diabetes mellitus, and osteoporosis°°Àº ÇÕº´ÁõÀÌ À¯¹ßµÇ¾úÀ½. Sex : ³²³à ¸ðµÎ ºñ½Á Age : ¾î´À ¿¬·É¿¡¼³ª ´Ù °¡´É, ƯÈ÷ ¼öÀ¯±â¿¡ ¾ö¸¶°¡ ¾ËÄÝÁßµ¶ÀÎ °æ¿ì ´õ °ü·Ã¼º ÀÖ¾úÀ½. ### Clinical **History : º´·Â¿¡ À־ alcohol abuseÀÇ Á¤µµ¿Í ±â°£ÀÌ °¡Àå Áß¿ä. À¯»çÇÑ ¿ä¼ÒµéÀÌ depression.2,3,4,5,6 ¿Íµµ °ü°è°¡ ÀÖ¾úÀ½ **Physical : Features of full-blown Cushing syndromeÀÇ ¿¹. Truncal obesity Plethoric moon face Buffalo hump Supraclavicular fat pads Hirsutism in women Thin skin with easy bruising and wide, purplish striae Hypertension @ÇÏÁö¸¸ glucocorticoid excessÀÇ Áõ»óÀ̳ª ½ÅüÀû Ư¡ÀÌ ÀüÇô ¾ø´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.. ###Causes ¾ËÄÝ°ú °ü·ÃµÈ °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖÁö¸¸ ±× ¿ÜÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ À¯¹ß¿äÀÎ µéÀº Àß ¸ð¸§. ¾ËÄÝ°ú °ü·ÃµÈ °æ¿ì´Â ±ÝÁÖ ÈÄ ¼öÀÏ ³»¿¡ »ýÈÇÐÀû ÀÌ»óÀÌ ¼Ò½ÇµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ±× ÈÄ Äí½ÌÁõÈıºÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ Áõ»óÀÌ ¹ßÇöµÇ´Âµ¥¿¡´Â °ú·®ÀÇ ¾ËÄݼ·Ãë±â°£ÀÌ »ó´çÈ÷ ¿À·¡ Áö³ª¾ß ÇßÀ½. À¯ÀüÀû ¼ÒÀΰü·Ã¼ºÀº ºÎÁ¤µÇ¾úÀ½ ###Differential Diagnoses Cushing Syndrome Depression ´Ù¸¥ ±âŸ °í·Á »çÇ× : Stress from severe illness ###Workup **Laboratory Studies @24-hour, urinary-free cortisol excretion level : º¸Åë Á¤»óÄ¡ÀÇ 2-3¹è Á¤µµ À̳»·Î Áõ°¡ @serum cortisolin the morning and evening. : »ó½Â @low dose overnight DXM suppression test : morning serum cortisol levelÀÌ 5 µg/dL·Î ¾ïÁ¦µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ½ (by 1 mg dexamethasone administered at midnight.) @midnight cortisol level of less than 7.5 µg/dL : PCSÁø´Ü¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ 96% sensitivity and 100% specificity¸¦ º¸ÀÓ : key value in differentiating pseudo-Cushing from true Cushing syndrome. @late-night salivary cortisol concentrations : screening test in suspected Cushing syndrome -- 15.2 ng/mlÀÌ»óÀÏ ¶§ ¹Î°¨µµ 93%, 50ng/mlÀÌ»óÀÏ ¶§ ¹Î°¨µµ 100% @Serum transaminase levels : º¸Åë »ó½Â, --alcohol-induced hepatitis. @Blood alcohol level : ÀÔ¿ø ´ç½Ã¿¡¸¸ »ó½Â. ###Treatment **Medical Care ȯÀÚ°¡ µµ¿òÀ» ¿øÇÒ ¶§ ½ÃÀÛ. --alcohol withdrawal syndrome¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¿¹»óÇÏ°í ¿¹¹æÄ¡·á°¡ ÇÊ¿ä. ±ÝÁÖÇÏ¸é ¼ö ÀÏ ¶Ç´Â ¼ö ÁÖ³»¿¡ »ýÈÇÐÀû ÀÌ»óÀÌ Á¤»óÈ µÊ --¿ì¿ïÁõÀ» Ä¡·á.. **Consultations @Cushing syndromeÀÇ Æ¯Â¡Àû ¸ð½ÀÀ» º¸ÀÏ ¶§´Â ³»ºÐºñÀü¹®ÀÇ¿¡°Ô º¸ÀÏ ÇÊ¿ä ÀÖÀ½. @Consult psychiatrists for treatment of depression or alcohol abuse. **Diet ¿µ¾ç½ÇÁ¶¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÒ °Í. **Medication alcohol withdrawal or depression Ä¡·á¿ë ¿Ü¿¡´Â ±×´ÙÁö ÇÊ욫 ¾ÊÀ½, ###Follow-up @overnight dexamethasone suppression test or 24-hour urinary cortisol -- 6-8 weeks ÈÄ¿¡. **Transfer in an alcohol detoxification and rehabilitation unit. ###Complications Hypertension Glucose intolerance or diabetes mellitus Osteoporosis ###Prognosis ±ÝÁÖÇϸé Á¤»óȵdzª ¸¸¼º¾ËÄÝÁßµ¶ÀÎ °æ¿ì ÀÚÁÖ Àç¹ßÇÔ. ###Patient Education °Ç°»óÅÂ¿Í ¼ö¸í °ü·Ã¼º¿¡ ´ëÇØ È¯ÀÚ¸¦ ±³À°Ç϶ó. ###Miscellaneous ¹ýÀÇÇÐÀû ÇÔÁ¤¿¡ °É¸± ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» Á¶½ÉÇÒ °Í. --°©ÀÛ½º·± ±ÝÁÖ´Â chronic alcoholism¿¡¼ ÁøÀü¼¶¸ÁÀ» ¾ß±âÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í ŸÀο¡°Ô Çظ¦ ÀÔÈú ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ¿ì¿ïÁõÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â ÀÚ»ì ½ÃµµÇÒ °¡´É¼º ÀÖ´Ù. ###Special Concerns alcohol withdrawal syndrome¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¿¹°ßÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. |